{ "scope": { "sample_reviews": 217343, "valid_labeled_reviews": 196183, "low_rated_reviews": 72038, "low_rated_multi_topic_reviews": 47405, "high_rated_reviews": 118754 }, "pairs": [ { "a": "Billing", "b": "Insurance", "band": "1\u20132 stars", "band_reviews": 72038, "a_reviews": 7607, "b_reviews": 1989, "co_mentions": 908, "b_given_a_pct": 11.936374392007362, "a_given_b_pct": 45.65108094519859, "both_have_negative": 843, "both_have_positive": 0, "one_has_negative": 64, "neither_has_negative": 1, "both_negative_pct": 92.84140969162996, "analytic_expected": 199.00399299050332, "analytic_lift": 4.56272251805184, "saved_lift": 4.5658947538142165, "saved_expected": 198.86573146292585 }, { "a": "Staffing", "b": "Wait times", "band": "1\u20132 stars", "band_reviews": 72038, "a_reviews": 4398, "b_reviews": 22622, "co_mentions": 2075, "b_given_a_pct": 47.18053660754889, "a_given_b_pct": 9.172486959596853, "both_have_negative": 2042, "both_have_positive": 0, "one_has_negative": 33, "neither_has_negative": 0, "both_negative_pct": 98.40963855421687, "analytic_expected": 1529.07591337768, "analytic_lift": 1.3570287660972902, "saved_lift": 1.3573718957127276, "saved_expected": 1528.689378757515 }, { "a": "Behavioral health", "b": "Discrimination", "band": "1\u20132 stars", "band_reviews": 72038, "a_reviews": 1685, "b_reviews": 4017, "co_mentions": 212, "b_given_a_pct": 12.581602373887241, "a_given_b_pct": 5.277570326114015, "both_have_negative": 203, "both_have_positive": 0, "one_has_negative": 9, "neither_has_negative": 0, "both_negative_pct": 95.75471698113208, "analytic_expected": 106.15271230392779, "analytic_lift": 1.997122780932991, "saved_lift": 1.9878610218539188, "saved_expected": 106.64729458917836, "additional_topics": [ { "topic": "Clinical staff bedside manner and empathy", "reviews": 51 }, { "topic": "Medication, prescriptions and pharmacy", "reviews": 34 }, { "topic": "Patient safety and medical errors", "reviews": 32 } ] }, { "a": "Front desk", "b": "Wait times", "band": "1\u20132 stars", "band_reviews": 72038, "a_reviews": 16424, "b_reviews": 22622, "co_mentions": 4436, "b_given_a_pct": 27.009254749147587, "a_given_b_pct": 19.609229953142957, "both_have_negative": 4054, "both_have_positive": 48, "one_has_negative": 336, "neither_has_negative": 46, "both_negative_pct": 91.38863841298466, "analytic_expected": 4631.046122430128, "analytic_lift": 0.9578829237986992 }, { "a": "Billing", "b": "Insurance", "band": "4\u20135 stars", "band_reviews": 118754, "a_reviews": 1071, "b_reviews": 577, "co_mentions": 58, "b_given_a_pct": 5.415499533146592, "a_given_b_pct": 10.051993067590988, "both_have_negative": 21, "both_have_positive": 21, "one_has_negative": 12, "neither_has_negative": 25, "both_negative_pct": 36.206896551724135, "analytic_expected": 10.465539722518894, "analytic_lift": 5.5419979798271015 }, { "a": "Staffing", "b": "Wait times", "band": "4\u20135 stars", "band_reviews": 118754, "a_reviews": 1218, "b_reviews": 27343, "co_mentions": 310, "b_given_a_pct": 25.451559934318556, "a_given_b_pct": 1.1337453827304977, "both_have_negative": 116, "both_have_positive": 121, "one_has_negative": 62, "neither_has_negative": 132, "both_negative_pct": 37.41935483870968, "analytic_expected": 401.1763345225868, "analytic_lift": 0.7727275348106222 }, { "a": "Behavioral health", "b": "Discrimination", "band": "4\u20135 stars", "band_reviews": 118754, "a_reviews": 1020, "b_reviews": 471, "co_mentions": 26, "b_given_a_pct": 2.549019607843137, "a_given_b_pct": 5.520169851380043, "both_have_negative": 6, "both_have_positive": 14, "one_has_negative": 5, "neither_has_negative": 15, "both_negative_pct": 23.076923076923077, "analytic_expected": 4.676827174498367, "analytic_lift": 5.5593245227815675 }, { "a": "Front desk", "b": "Wait times", "band": "4\u20135 stars", "band_reviews": 118754, "a_reviews": 32087, "b_reviews": 27343, "co_mentions": 8133, "b_given_a_pct": 25.346713622339266, "a_given_b_pct": 29.744358702410125, "both_have_negative": 91, "both_have_positive": 7378, "one_has_negative": 602, "neither_has_negative": 7440, "both_negative_pct": 1.1188983155047338, "analytic_expected": 8103.754428293891, "analytic_lift": 1.0036088916519976 } ], "definitions": { "unit": "Distinct (place_id, review_id); each topic counted at most once per key.", "conditional_shares": "Co-mentions divided by all labeled reviews in the rating band mentioning the starting topic; no event direction or sequence.", "sentiments": "Any valid statement with the named sentiment flags a topic. Positive and negative flags can overlap.", "analytic_expectation": "Exact expectation of independent topic-column shuffles within original 2,3,4,5+ topic-count strata, skipping strata below 50 rows. Original chart estimates use finite shuffles." }, "topics": { "Billing": "Billing, charges and collections", "Insurance": "Insurance coverage, denials and network issues", "Staffing": "Staffing levels and operational capacity", "Wait times": "Wait times and timeliness of care", "Behavioral health": "Behavioral health and psychiatric care", "Discrimination": "Discrimination and equitable treatment", "Front desk": "Front desk, reception and administrative staff conduct" }, "sources": { "labels": "topic-labeling-hospitals-usa-deepseek-v4-flash-b25-combined/review_topic_labels.parquet", "coverage_reviews": "hospitals_usa_2019plus_coverage_10pct/reviews_clean.labelorder.parquet", "original_charts": "chart-data.json", "generator": "scripts/generate_hospital_pair_insights.py" }, "limitations": [ "Self-selected public feedback; pending human label validation.", "Co-mentions can have any sentiment. Selected pair sentiment checks do not generalize to every pair.", "No permutation significance screen, clustering or interaction model refit. No causal or intervention-effect estimates." ] }